Acta Dermato-Venereologica 97-6 97-6CompleteContent | Page 26
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SHORT COMMUNICATION
Multiple Primary Acral Lentiginous Melanoma on the Feet Developing in Lesions of Nagashima-type
Palmoplantar Keratoderma
Akimasa ADACHI 1 , Mayumi KOMINE 1 , Takeo MAEKAWA 1 , Satoru MURATA 1 , Aiko SHIOHAMA 2,3 , Akiharu KUBO 2 and Mamitaro
OHTSUKI 1
Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, 2 Department of Dermatology, Keio
University, and 3 KOSÉ Endowed Program for Skin Care and Allergy Prevention, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. E-mail:
[email protected]
1
Accepted Feb 20, 2017; Epub ahead of print Feb 22, 2017
The background of multiple primary melanomas (MPMs)
occuring in a patient varies influenced by genetic and
environmental factors. Palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK)
could be one of such backgrounds. The first cases of
Nagashima-type palmoplantar keratoderma (NPPK)
were reported in the Japanese literature in 1977 and in
the English literature in 1989 (1, 2), respectively. NPPK
was suggested to be a distinct entity from other PPKs
(3), and this was confirmed by the identification of the
causative gene mutations in SERPINB7, a gene coding
for a skin-specific serine protease inhibitor (4). Twenty
cases of malignant melanoma (MM) in skin lesions of
PPK have been reported, including the following types of
PPK: NPPK, Mal de Meleda (MDM), Papillon-Lefèvre
syndrome, and Unna-Thost PPK (5–7). In 2014, the first
case of acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) in
skin lesions of NPPK was reported; however,
the mutation in the SERPINB7 gene was not
investigated (5).
PPK with no specific diagnosis and no history of familial mela-
noma. Laboratory tests were within the normal limits, including
serum 5-S-cysteinyl-DOPA (5-S-CD) level, which is often used
as a marker of disease progression in Japan. Abdominal ultraso-
nographic test, whole-body computed tomography (CT), and gal-
lium-67 scintigraphy showed no signs of metastasis. Surgery was
performed with a 3-cm margin with full-thickness subcutaneous
adipose tissue. A medial plantar flap was applied to the left heel
and a full-thickness skin graft from his abdomen to both heels.
Histopathological examination revealed that atypical spindle to
epithelioid cells were proliferated in the spinous and basal layer
of the epidermis in nests and in single cells (Fig. 1c–f). They
infiltrated the deep dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue (Fig.
1g, h), and along the ducts of sweat glands. The thickness of the
tumours in the right and left heels were 3.0 and 3.4 mm, respec-
tively, with negative surgical margins. Elective bilateral inguinal
lymphadenectomy was performed and no residual tumour cells
were detected. The patient was diagnosed with multiple primary
CASE REPORT
A 55-year-old Japanese man with bilateral black macu-
les on both heels presented to our outpatient department
in 1999. A macule had developed on his left heel 3 years
prior to presentation; and on his right heel 2 months
prior to presentation. Both macules were gradually in-
creasing in size. Physical examination revealed poorly
demarcated black macules, and a plaque on the right
heel, with ulceration and hyperkeratosis, 35×30 mm in
size, and a plaque on the left heel, 20×20 mm in size
(Fig. 1a, b). The patient was diagnosed with bilateral
ALM. The patient had had PPK as a child and had re-
ceived radiotherapy to his palms and soles during his
primary school years. He had unspecified kidney disease
at the age of 15 years old for several months, which
improved and he had no renal dysfunction after that.
His family history had no consanguineous marriages.
His mother and grandmother had similar symptoms of
Fig. 1. The patient’s first melanomas on the feet. (a) Poorly
demarcated black macule (35×30 mm) on the right heel in 1999,
with hyperkeratosis and ulceration. (b) Black macule on the left
heel (20×20 mm). (c–h) Histopathological findings of lesions on
the right and left heel on haematoxylin and eosin staining. (c, d)
Low-magnification image of the lesions on: (c) right and (d) left
heels revealed basophilic nests located in the epidermis and deep
dermis (original magnification ×40). (e–h) High-magnification
image of the lesions on: (e, g) right and (f, h) left heels revealed
atypical cells as single cells and nests in the epidermis (e, f) and
infiltrated into the deep dermis (g, h) (original magnification ×200).
doi: 10.2340/00015555-2640
Acta Derm Venereol 2017; 97: 756–758
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license. www.medicaljournals.se/acta
Journal Compilation © 2017 Acta Dermato-Venereologica.