ACE Issue 24 2019 | Page 36

Advancements have allowed robotics and laser technology to be used for precise welding and cutting W hen industrial robotics were originally conceived, they were designed to use hydraulic actu- ators and vacuum tubes. While functional, the applications for these robots were limited. As technology progressed, the use of hydraulics eventually gave way to faster and more precise electric servo motors. Similarly, vacuum tubes were replaced by transistors and microcom- puters. And the various devices used to record the robot’s physical position have evolved into resolvers and encoders. As various robot manufacturers ramped up production, improvements to speed, precision and reliability continued to ramp up as well. Lighter and more rigid castings were used. These, along with higher precision gear boxes and servo motors, have allowed robots to continue to shrink in size, handle larger payloads and have a smaller footprint on the manufacturing floor. Applications where hard automation used to be the only solution now have robotic solutions. Fanuc robots performing laser guided dual arc welding. For instance, in the automotive industry, hard automation was used exclusively to move parts of the vehicle or the entire vehicle from one line to another or from one station to another. Now, robots can lift the entire vehicle and reposition it as needed. This solution is considerably more cost effective than hard automation and very easy to adapt to model changes or multiple models on the same production line. All of these robotic advancements help increase productivity, decrease cost of ownership and reduce capital expense while also improving the useful life of the machine.