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in starting the business, state incorporation fees, and stamp taxes. One student wishes to charge these costs against revenue in the current period. Another student wishes to defer these costs and amortize them in the future. Which student is correct and why? Question 3. Question : (TCO D) Edwards Co. includes one coupon in each bag of dog food it sells. In return for four coupons, customers receive a dog toy that the company purchases for $1.20 each. Edward’s experience indicates that 60% of the coupons will be redeemed. During 2010, 100,000 bags of dog food were sold, 12,000 toys were purchased, and 40,000 coupons were redeemed. During 2011, 120,000 bags of dog food were sold, 16,000 toys were purchased, and 60,000 coupons were redeemed. Instructions: Determine the premium expense to be reported in the income statement and the estimated liability for premiums on the balance sheet for 2010 and 2011.