Mars ( Mangala ):
Mangala is a Ferocious God holding with two holding weapons and 2 in mudras . His transport is a ram .
The Mantras and meanings : Dharani Garbha Sambhuutam Vidyut Kanti Samaprabham Kumaram Shakti Hastam Cha Mangalam Prana Maa Myaham
Meaning : I pray to Mars , born of Earth ( son of Bhooma Devi ), His effulgence is like that of lightning . He is called Kumara , and who holds in his hand a weapon called Shakti .
The planets , their representations and favorable days to chant : Mars ( Mangal ) – energy , confidence and ego . — Wednesday
Calendar and zodiac : Mangala is the root of the word ' Mangalavara ' or Tuesday in the Hindu calendar . The word ' Mangal ' also means " auspicious " but the planet Mangal is considered malefic . Similarly , the names of Tuesday in other Indo-European languages are often derived from the Roman god Mars , or a god ascribed with similar characteristics . The root of the English word Tuesday , for instance , is the old Germanic God of war and victory , Tīw , also known as Týr . Mangala is part of the Navagraha in Hindu zodiac system . The role and importance of the Navagraha developed over time with various influences . The earliest work of astrology recorded in India is the Vedanga Jyotisha which began to be compiled in the 14th century BCE .
Deifying planetary bodies and their astrological significance occurred as early as the Vedic period and was recorded in the Vedas . The classical planets , including Mars , were referenced in the Atharvaveda from the second millennium BCE . The Navagraha was furthered by additional contributions from Western Asia , including Zoroastrian and Hellenistic influences . The Yavanajataka , or ' Science of the Yavanas ', was written by the Indo-Greek named " Yavanesvara " under the rule of the Western Kshatrapa king Rudrakarman I .
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