Sun ( Surya ):
In the group of other planets , he is normally shown facing towards east , standing in the center . Around him are the rest of the planets facing in all different direction but not towards each other . He rides are chariot with one wheel which is pulled by seven horses symbolizing the seven colors of white light and seven days of the week . He is also known as Ravi .
The Mantras and meanings : Japaa Kusuma Sankasham Kaashya Peyam Maha Dyutim Tamo Arim Sarva Paapagh Nam Pranatosmi Divaa Karam
Meaning : I salute Sun , who is red like a Hibiscus , the descendent of Kaashyapa , Foe of darkness and the one who dispels all sins and has splendid radiance .
The planets , their representations and favorable days to chant : Sun ( Surya ) – soul , king , highly placed persons , father . — Monday
Zodiac and astrology : Surya ' s synonym Ravi is the root of the word ' Ravivara ' or Sunday in the Hindu calendar . In both Indian and Greek-Roman nomenclature for days of the week , the Sunday is dedicated to the Sun .
Surya is a part of the Navagraha in Hindu zodiac system . The role and importance of the Navagraha developed over time with various influences . Deifying the sun and its astrological significance occurred as early as the Vedic period and was recorded in the Vedas . The earliest work of astrology recorded in India is the Vedanga Jyotisha which began to be compiled in the 14th century BCE . It was possibly based on works from the Indus Valley Civilization as well as various foreign influences . Babylonian astrology was the first to develop astrology and the calendar , and was adopted by multiple civilizations including India .
The Navagraha developed from early works of astrology over time . The Sun and various classical planets were referenced in the Atharvaveda around 1000 BCE .
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