A Guide to Practical Breeding A Guide to Practical Breeding First edition, 2012 | Page 38

38 - discard thin or cracked shells, . - do not wipe the eggs before incubation, - reject dirty eggs. Proper care is necessary and important. Gathering your eggs on a regular daily basis is advised, even twice or three times a day especially during hot days. Keep the eggs in cool dark place, with humidity not less than 70%. The two most common types of incubators are still air and forced air. The smaller of the two is the still air incubator and it has no fan for air circulation. The larger and better type incubator is the forced air style that includes a fan to circulate the air inside. When using the forced air incubator the recommended temperature is 100 degrees F . If this temperature is not followed or rises and lowers during the incubation period, chances are the eggs will be ruined and will not hatch. The improper temperature is the most common cause of poor hatching. The other common reasons are poor sanitation, lack of proper ventilation and neglectful egg turning. The still air incubator requires an internal temperature of 102 degrees F for good hatching conditions. The control of the humidity is also important during the incubation process, and is an extremely important factor in the eggs development. Should the humidity be too high or too low, proper development of the embryo is not possible and will result in poor hatching. In addition to temperature and humidity, another important factor is oxygen supply. Proper amounts of oxygen for the embryo's growth and development is necessary. Still another factor for good hatching is the turning of the eggs. In the still air incubator, this is done manually and requires eggs to be turned three to five times a day. In an automatic incubator, this is done automatically, but still requires monitoring. After 18 days in the setter, the eggs are transferred to the hatchers and no turning is done anymore. Hen brooding is a better method than artificial brooding. Incubation and brooding At RB Sugbo, incubation is either by natural or artificial. Mostly by artificial method of setting and hatching egg