6th Grade Social Studies March 2014 | Page 17

Luke Bakerian How did the Egyptians build The Great Pyramid of Giza? This amazing 455 foot monument was made from several types of stone. The first type of stone was granite, the second type was limestone. It was a very difficult task for the Egyptians to build this structure but by mining and moving the stone, putting the stone where it belongs with tools, and using big ramps it was all possible. First, people had to get all the stone. The stone was mined from two quarries. One limestone quarry right across from the building site, and one granite quarry over 100 miles south. The stone was sculpted using only primitive tools. According to the book The Great Pyramids by Elisabeth Man, Egyptians shaped blocks so skillfully that a knife couldn't glide between them. After the blocks were shaped they were loaded onto a big boat that sailed to the Giza plateau. From here the blocks were unstacked at a man made harbor near the building site. Then, Egyptians had to use various techniques to move these gigantic two ton blocks on land. Although tools like chisels, drills, mallets, and saws were very important, Dave Antram in the book Pyramid said the most important tool was a sled that carried the massive blocks from point A to point B. The sled was like a wooden square bed with logs under it so it was easy to pull. Could you imagine trying to push a granite block with 20 of your friends that weighed 4,000 pounds? Now that would be a challenge. After the gigantic blocks were dragged to the base of the pyramid, it was the big ramps turn to do the work. The big ramps were built up the side of the pyramid so that the workers were able to drag these 4,000 pound blocks to the tippy top of the pyramid which was located 455 feet off the ground. After 20 or more men dragged the block to where it was suppose to go, masons set them in their final places. Wood rockers would be used to put the block in it’s ultimate place.