Air pollution , caused by the burning of fossil fuels or wildfires , is estimated to have caused hundreds of thousands of lung cancer deaths annually worldwide . ( Turner 2020 ). The Global Burden of Disease study attributes 15 % of all lung cancer deaths to PM 2.5 from outdoor air pollution ( Global Burden of Disease , 2016 )( Global Burden of Disease , 2017 )
The International Agency for Research on Cancer ( IARC ) classified outdoor air pollution and particulate matter less than 2.5 micrograms / meter3 ( PM2.5 ) as carcinogenic to humans ( Loomis , 2013 )
Air pollution can cause lung cancer even in people who have never smoked ( Swanton , 2022 ) ( Turner 2020 ).
People with lung cancer who are exposed toair pollution have an increased mortality from lung cancer . ( Hamra , 2014 )( Eckel , 2016 ) ( Ou , 2020 )
Exposure to air pollution has been associated with the promotion of lung cancer by acting on cells in healthy lung tissue that harbour preexistingoncogenic mutations by activating macrophages to release IL- 1beta ( Swanton , 2022 ), particularly in those living in polluted neighborhoods ( Erhunmwunsee , 2021 )
Air Pollution
Air pollution , caused by the burning of fossil fuels or wildfires , is estimated to have caused hundreds of thousands of lung cancer deaths annually worldwide . ( Turner 2020 ). The Global Burden of Disease study attributes 15 % of all lung cancer deaths to PM 2.5 from outdoor air pollution ( Global Burden of Disease , 2016 )( Global Burden of Disease , 2017 )
The International Agency for Research on Cancer ( IARC ) classified outdoor air pollution and particulate matter less than 2.5 micrograms / meter3 ( PM2.5 ) as carcinogenic to humans ( Loomis , 2013 )
Air pollution can cause lung cancer even in people who have never smoked ( Swanton , 2022 ) ( Turner 2020 ).
People with lung cancer who are exposed toair pollution have an increased mortality from lung cancer . ( Hamra , 2014 )( Eckel , 2016 ) ( Ou , 2020 )
Exposure to air pollution has been associated with the promotion of lung cancer by acting on cells in healthy lung tissue that harbour preexistingoncogenic mutations by activating macrophages to release IL- 1beta ( Swanton , 2022 ), particularly in those living in polluted neighborhoods ( Erhunmwunsee , 2021 )