Endnotes
1
Field , R . W ., and B . L . Withers . 2012 . “ Occupational and Environmental Causes of Lung Cancer .” Clinics in Chest Medicine 33 ( 4 ): 681 – 703 .
2
U . S . Environmental Protection Agency ( UESPA ). 2003 . EPA Assessment of Risks from Radon in Homes . EPA- 402-R-03-003 . Washington , D . C .: USEPA . www . epa . gov / sites / production / files / 2015-05 / documents / 402-r-03-003 . pdf .
3
U . S . Department of Housing and Urban Development ( HUD ). American Housing Survey , 2015 ( unpublished analysis ). Washington , D . C .: Offices of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes and Policy Development and Research , HUD .
4
Estimates of lives saved through radon mitigation in the HUD Federal Housing Administration ( FHA ) Multifamily Loan Program are based on HUD data on loan transactions , 2013 – 18 ; an estimate of the number of affected individuals ; and a range of estimates for the distribution of radon risk . The low end of the estimated lives-saved range is grounded in EPA ’ s 1992 National Residential Radon Survey ( NRRS ); the high end of the estimated lives-saved range is grounded in industry selfreported data . The percentage of homes predicted to test above EPA ’ s action level in Zones 1 and 2 , where FHA ’ s policy applied during the years analyzed here , based on the NRRS is 13 %, and this assumption grounds the low end of the estimated range of lives saved . Industry members of the NRAP believe that the percentage of homes that would test above the action level of 4 picocuries per liter of air ( pCi / L ) for radon in Zones 1 and 2 is 18 – 22 %, and this assumption grounds the high end of the estimated range of lives saved . Additionally , radon laboratory data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in its Environmental Health Program Tracking database since 2016 indicate premitigation radon prevalence could be considerably higher , with 37 % of homes in the database testing above the EPA action level . It is important to note that there is no peer-reviewed citation for the latter two estimates at this time . The cost-benefit analysis is based on a currently unpublished draft 2020 EPA memorandum developed to estimate the impact to date of expanded radon requirements in FHA programs .
5
UESPA . 1992 . Technical Support Document for the 1992 Citizen ’ s Guide to Radon . EPA-400-R-92-011 . Washington , D . C .: USEPA . nepis . epa . gov ( enter 400R92011 ).
6
U . S . Department of Energy ( USDOE ). 2021 . “ Weatherization Assistance Program .” Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy , USDOE . www . energy . gov / eere / wap / weatherizationassistance-program .
The National Radon Action Plan | 2021 – 2025 8