2016: The Year in Review | Page 11

word of the next five or ten years. Before June 23rd, no country has ever made the decision to leave the European Union, and now a door, which was always shut, has been opened to the future. Historically, it is known that Britain has a vast influence on its European counterparts, and when the country paves the way into a new direction, others will be inclined to follow. This is something that both Angela Merkel and François Hollande might be contemplating apprehensively. The prospects of leaving the European Union have never been more fathomable or attainable until the second biggest economy in the bloc bid it farewell. Almost like a domino effect, there is speculation surrounding the possibilities of an Italeave, a Departugal, a Czechout, and the withdrawal of many more members, which would detrimentally weaken the EU and reduce its power. A door that was always secured shut has now been plunged open. However, Brexit cannot be blamed the cause of the tensions between nations and their wanting to leave, but it has created a path for which they can act upon their dissatisfactions, and therefore the slow deterioration of the European Union may have been accelerated. The priority of keeping the union of 27 together has now, more than ever, been the consistent, dominant message in Berlin since the Brexit campaign and Merkel has invested a great deal of energy in shaping a unified European position on the Brexit process. Berlin is also currently concerned about France’s future in the EU. A President Le Pen is a grave, existential threat to the EU, and the future balance of power in Europe. With a fractured EU, European relations could regress to those of the pre-EU era. Since the Union’s formation in 1993, the Franco-German alliance has been the driving force behind its sustenance and survival, but if this union is to gradually crumble, we will see this partnership between two of the continent’s strongest countries begin to decay. Franco- German bilateralism will be tested on Eurozone governance. It is very easy to forget the once long-lasting and deep- rooted tension between these two neighbours, which goes back to the 16th century, and was exacerbated in the 1871 Franco-Prussian War. The double-power engine that is the EU consolidated Franco-German relations and ostensibly removed the pre- existing enmity by uniting them on common ground: a United Europe. After German re-unification in 1990, those same tensions reemerged but were subdued when the EU was established shortly after. But remove the EU from the equation and it is evident that these tensions are not so far off. Germany will fear France, and France will fear Germany. It is those same tensions that kicked off two of the most destructive wars of the 20th century. The resurrection of these tensions are what cabinets in the respective countries are fearing and currently preparing for. 11