a given tissue depends on the types and amounts of
protein expressed in that tissue and on their accessibility
to the protein kinase.
There are a small number of known exceptions to the
rule that the physiological effects of cAMP in mammals
are achieved via the activation of cAMP-dependent
protein kinase. The best established exception is certain
cation channels in olfactory epithelium and other tissues,
which directly bind and are gated by cAMP.
Elifnur POLAT
9-A
References:
Brown, B. L., Albano, J. D., Ekins, R. P., & Sgherzi, A. M. (n.d.).
A simple and sensitive saturation assay method for the
measurement of adenosine 3’:5’-cyclic monophosphate.
Retrieved March 08, 2016, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.
gov/pmc/articles/PMC1176606/?page=1
Duman, R. S. (n.d.). Retrieved March 08, 2016, from http://
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK27915/
Duman, R. S. (n.d.). Retrieved March 08, 2016, from http://
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK27915/#_A1577
Hyman, S. E., and Nestler, E. J. The Molecular Basis of
Psychiatry. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1993.
BIOLOGICAL HYDROGEN PRODUCING AS AN
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCE
On the enormous planet not just the ones who are
able to think live. As it is known, there are billions of
living organisms taking place with their extraordinary
properties and characteristics on Earth. For instance, the
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) called Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii (green algae) which swim by the help of its
two whips and is small as a single water particle that is
thought to have a diameter 10 micrometres, has a very
large chloroplast with a cup shape unlike plants; a large
pyrenoid which includes protein where the densely
packed granular material is formed; and a cell wall
surrounded by hydroxyprolined glycoprotein. Although
upon the worldwide these algae found in soil and fresh
water, they are used as a model organism in many subbranches
of biology. When the light is given off they can
grow without needing chemical energy or organic food
unlike the other species do. Also, it is known that they
can produce hydrogen and oxygen from an inorganic
compound, which is water.
In the absence of food, they use light energy for a
different action. They break water into hydrogen and
oxygen, and produce hydrogen gas with an enzyme
called as “hydrogenase”. The scientists call this process
as “direct biophotolysis”.
2H₂O+light energy 2H₂+O₂
However, with direct biophotolysis, as the algae
produces oxygen with hydrogen, the yield of hydrogen
is low. In order to avoid that, “indirect biophotolysis”
was offered. Indirect biophotolysis increases the yield
of the hydrogen collected from the algae, and offers
a better fuel that can be used to get energy. Also, the
hydrogen gas produces only water as a waste product.
Also, hydrogen provides a fair amount of energy, too.
A clean, eco-friendly way of providing energy might be
behind these little, green algae.
Bibliography:
Chlamydomonas: An Introduction. N.p., n.d. Web.
6 Mar. 2016. .
Genç, N. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Mar. 2016. .
Perçem İlke AKOVA
Mutlu Dilara AYDIN
9-D
THE CLAPPER 2015 - 2016 65
BIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT