2015-2016 | Page 44

To find out how it might be done, NASA is planning a sample return mission in the 2020s. The tentative plan at the moment is for the currently unnamed 2020 Mars rover to collect samples and leave them on the surface, which will be picked up by a later lander and launched back to Earth. “That would form our basis for the same technology and techniques for a human mission,” said Lavery. So this one is fiction for now – but only because we don’t know how to do it yet. Fact or fiction? Fiction Communicating with Earth When the communications system at Watney’s habitat is destroyed in the (questionable) storm, he has no way to communicate with Earth until he goes to pilfer Pathfinder and Sojourner, the lander and rover that touched down on Mars in 1997. They went silent on the surface after just a few months, but could Watney really have repurposed them to make contact with Earth again? “Theoretically, it would absolutely be possible,” said Lavery, and he should know, as he worked on the Pathfinder mission. “The spacecraft has been sitting up there since 1997, and it stopped operating because the batteries finally drained and gave out. But if you replaced them and repowered it, everything else should still be functioning.” Houston, we have a solution. Fact or fiction? Fact Gravity on Mars Watney moves in an Earth-like manner on Mars, but in reality the Red Planet has about 30% of the gravity our own planet has, meaning movement would be a little different. NASA envisages that the most efficient way to walk on Mars will be a gait somewhere between a shuffle and a hop. We can appreciate why it wasn’t portrayed this way in the movie, but hey, a win’s a win for fiction. Fact or fiction? Fiction The habitat Pretty accurate. The idea of using an inflatable habitat, which is what is used in “The Martian,” is one that is being seriously considered. Indeed, soon an inflatable Bigelow Aerospace module will be attached to the ISS, and a descendent of that could be used on Mars. Whether an inflatable habitat could cope with having a flat floor on Mars is another question, as inflatable things tend to want to form a ball, and in the thin Martian atmosphere, the pressure on a habitat with an Earth-like environment inside might be too much. But it’s possible. Fact or fiction? Fact Inflatable technology will be key to the future of manned space exploration. It’s true, Watney would have been able to talk to Earth. Conclusion Overall, we score that at five for fact, three for fiction and one tie. And we’ve only brushed the surface – there were many other things the film got right, including the aesthetics on Mars, the spacesuits, the use of solar panels, the Hermes spacecraft (apart from maybe its rotation speed), the life support systems, and so on. On the other hand, there’s not much else it got wrong, aside from maybe the speed at which the astronauts go from the Hermes spacecraft into space without proper preparation. Sure, we’ve picked out a few grievances, but they are minor quibbles. And compared to other movies like Armageddon ,they are trivial. We’d have to say “The Martian” is deserving of its scientific plaudits. 44 THE CLAPPER 2015 - 2016