(201) Health 2019 Edition | Página 51

CARBS ARE BAD It’s not wise to demonize any food category in particular, including that popular villain, carbs, says Dr. Policastro. “Whole grains are good for you,” she says. “What’s unhealthy is processed, refined carbohydrates, which reduce your fiber intake. Healthy foods like carrots don’t have an ingredient label, whereas carrot chips do. If you’re looking at a litany of ingredients on a label, it’s probably not healthy.” YOU’LL FEEL BETTER IF YOU AVOID GLUTEN Dr. Shoshana Feiner, an internist with the Summit Medical Group in Fair Lawn, says that a lot of her patients want to be tested for celiac disease, a genetic condition that makes it difficult to process gluten, though their blood tests and biopsies almost always come out normal. “A true celiac patient will show weight loss, failure to thrive when younger, and severe anemia and osteoporosis when older,” she says. “But when they say they feel better cutting gluten from their diets, I say that’s fine. There’s just no scientific basis for ‘having a hard time tolerating gluten.’” YOU NEED TO DRINK EIGHT GLASSES OF WATER A DAY This one can be traced to a 1945 report by the U.S. Food and Nutrition Board, which recommended that people consume 2.5 liters — eight glasses — of water daily. “After many studies, surveys and articles, there is no scientific evidence to suggest that (people need) to drink this much,” says Julene Stassou, a registered dietician in Bergen County and the author of The Mediterranean Diet Weight Loss Solution. “We get water from foods like fruits and veggies, and liquids that aren’t caffeinated (and dehydrating). Our bodies tell us when we’re thirsty.” SPENDING TIME OUTSIDE WITHOUT A COAT/WITH WET HAIR MAKES YOU SICK “There is no science to this,” says Feiner. “Colds tend to be worse in the winter because many viruses do better in cold weather, and that’s when they spread.” Old movies that feature heroines being rescued after hours in the rain and later succumbing in their beds are more romantic than accurate, she says. “Unless you develop hypothermia, you’re not at risk,” she says. “Your teen won’t catch a cold from walking to school with wet hair.” THE TRYPTOPHAN IN TURKEY MAKES YOU SLEEPY We eat turkey on Thanksgiving, and then we need to nap, so turkey causes sleepiness, right? Not exactly. “Tryptophan is a component of the brain chemical serotonin, which gets converted into the well-known sleep-inducing hormone melatonin,” explains Stassou. But the Thanksgiving meal also includes a lot of carbohydrates, such as mashed potatoes, breads and casseroles, that make tryptophan more available to the brain; with alcohol on top of that, you’ve got a recipe for nap time. “Basically, any big meal containing tryptophan and lots of carbohydrates can trigger sleepiness, with or without turkey,” she says. TAKING HIGH LEVELS OF VITAMINS PREVENTS DISEASES “My patients ask me about this all the time,” says Dr. Feiner. “But we don’t see a lot of diseases like low levels of Vitamin D causing rickets, or lack of Vitamin C causing scurvy, in this country anymore.” While large amounts of Vitamin E and antioxidants used to be promoted as good for fighting heart disease, she says, the same claims have been made more recently about Vitamin D. But a recent study by the National Institute of Health debunked this. “The bottom line is, everything in moderation,” she says. FEED A COLD, STARVE A FEVER The phrase would be just as wrong if it were flipped, says Shekari. “There’s no science behind this one,” he says. “You have to eat no matter what. In fact, you use up energy when you have a fever, so it’s a better time to eat, but most people don’t feel like it.” ❖ (201) HEALTH 2019 EDITION 47