Digital Transformation in Practice : Learning from IIC Deployments
features to the car owner , but this may not suffice . Vehicle service will become more accurate and less time consuming , so other revenue streams will be needed . Driver monitoring for insurance and fleet management will become more efficient as a new source of revenue . A new model for OEMs might become necessary . Vehicles might need to be able to use third-party software like app stores for smartphones .
The OTA-testbed can have a larger impact beyond the vehicle market . The technology can be used in other market segments such as healthcare ( medical devices ) and manufacturing ( industrial machines ).
This testbed addresses the three key factors of an organization ’ s digital transformation journey : business , technology , and trustworthiness . It demonstrates the technology behind OTA , and provides insights into the business impact and the trustworthiness of the resulting systems .
Effective OTA changes the business of producing vehicles , especially as we change from internal combustion engines to electric motors . The value of engine technology is rapidly decreasing as the value of software increases . OTA is a contributor to this software value and helps increase the value of electrification through integration in the larger power grid . This change lowers the hurdle for entering the vehicle market , so traditional OEMs need to embrace OTA to be successful in the future . The more a vehicle can do on its own , the more flexible the transportation market becomes . What happens to the Uber model , when no driver is necessary ?
OTA is dependent on technology and system architecture . OTA is built around a telematics unit ( TU ) to manage the connection to the external network . Currently , the TU is also the HMI unit , but they can be separated . The TU also has connections to internal busses : ethernet and CAN . On the TU and other larger ECUs , a real-time OSGi framework with resource enforcement manages the software . Each instance can track its own software within its own sandboxes , as well as external software , even in external containers , running as a separate process , in an FPGA , on a GPU or on a microcontroller . An MQTT messaging service is used to connect to known servers . Standard key mechanisms are used to validate the vehicle to the server and vice versa . This reduces the risk of hostile penetration .
The testbed focuses on system trustworthiness : security , safety , integrity , privacy , and resilience . The OTA testbed provides the means of maintaining trustworthiness over time by only allowing applications to be installed that have been fully vetted and by only using secure communication channels for getting software and transporting data . Moreover , there are components for threat analysis and ranking of apps , hardware , communication , networking , and cloud connections .
IIC Journal of Innovation 63