Flavio Costa, Jean‐Yves Le Meur and Tim Smith
• Unicode to support all characters( accents, etc.) providing full internationalisation and compatibility with any language
• JSMath to support mathematics expressions( equations, etc.)
• These standards and openness of Invenio’ s approach allow the following:
• Harvesting and import of documents from other repositories( and let Invenio content be harvested, according to very fine and customizable access rights)
• Harvesting and import of metadata and the establishment of pointers to other repositories
• Integration of other repositories through external collections. This comprises the access to journals and books, including pay services, hence with access rights limited to communities covered by the fees.
Another aspect of the openness of Invenio is its ease of integration with external systems. The modular structure and development methodology allows integration with other systems in very efficient ways. An example of the integration with external systems is given for the workflow, at the end of 2.4
2.4 Collaborative and social tools and features
Invenio includes full“ web 2.0” and collaborative features, as expected, since CERN,“ where the web was invented”( Berners‐Lee 1989) is the driving force of its development and because of the long history of use by a large community with different, demanding and to the edge of technology requirements. The community of users of Invenio( the users of an Invenio community) can:
• define their own user profiles
• group documents in users baskets and share them, either as a static choice or dynamically as a result of a query
• Receive alerts by mail at chosen frequency. Invenio is also compatible with RSS.
• Rate documents
• Comment on documents
• Cite documents
Features like statistics on citations and views or“ people who have viewed this page have also viewed " are available.
There is also a fully customizable workflow allowing approval and state transitions of documents, with options like integration with a commenting phase, automatic change of classification and metadata, confidential circulation, comments for approval saved as a separate document, etc.
Optional features are also available to set up any type of workflow for the commenting, approval, sharing processes in the submission, revision, deletion phases of the document lifecycle. The interface between Invenio and other systems( ERPs) at each stage of the workflow is made possible in a variety of ways, including:
• Via APIs( Application Programming Interface). Each function and action in Invenio can be performed with a command call, based on the modules of its structure
• Via emulating the user interface submitting input data, documents and actions as allowed by the interface. In this way all the data checks and validations can be exercised, including those implicitly or explicitly contained by the interface.
Both options are possible with Invenio using XML, but other standards can be easily adapted.
3. Specific features and developments for e‐Government in Invenio
Invenio also offers other features that are in the e‐Government domain: e‐procurement, e‐journals publication, blogs preservation( this last feature is under development), etc. Such features which are typically not core functions of document repositories, are available or under development since Invenio’ s architecture is favourable to the integration of virtually any functions. Hence it appeared efficient and convenient to add to Invenio functionalities that are not typical of digital libraries( and profit from Invenio’ s classical features and of
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