Norbert Ahrend, Konrad Walser and Henrik Leopold
Politics
System Management( Process Management)
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Suppliers / Demanders Economy
Input
Suppliers / Demanders Administration
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Elements of the Systems
Administration Levels Administration Units Tasks Services Process Employees
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Methods Tools ‐ Process Management ‐ Tools Services, Architectures |
Output Customers |
Citizens Economy
Limits Interfaces
Interoperability
Relationships
External Factors
Limits Interfaces
Interoperability
Politics |
Power |
Legal System |
|
Relations |
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Figure 1: System model
From the presented system we can derive certain comparison criteria for the case studies at hand. Adding a consideration of the remaining challenges, we will focus on the following five criteria:
• Framework conditions( politics, justice system, culture and market)
• Input variables
• Methods and standards
• Tools( modeling, application and implementation tools for process management)
• Challenges
In the following, we will use these criteria for analyzing and comparing the three case studies from Germany, Switzerland and Austria.
3. Comparative analysis of case studies
In this section we present the results from the comparative analysis of the three case studies. Table 2 provides a first overview of the cases based on the comparison criteria we derived in Section 2.2. In the remainder of this section we will elaborate the details of the comparison. Therefore, we will discuss each comparison criterion in detail.
3.1 Framework conditions
In general, it can be stated that BPM has reached the practice in public administration. The diffusion is not very high yet, but various initiatives are in progress on all federal levels in all of these countries.
Overall, the framework conditions in the investigated countries can be considered to be rather similar. In all three countries we observe a federal structure of the administration. Although Switzerland is based on consensus‐oriented democracy, the structure of the public administration is similar to Germany and Austria. However, the size of the overall population in Switzerland cannot be denied as an influencing factor. In Further, in
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