Muriel Foulonneau et al.
processes have to be launched on a regular basis by individual registries. Reasoning mechanisms should support suggestions to users for new links.
8. Analysis and conclusion
The experimentations of semantic models and mechanisms to support the cross‐border service applications have helped understanding the value of various implementation strategies. In particular, they have addressed the representation of document equivalences to support the provision of information from various sources and the constraints of non symmetric equivalences defined by each national authority. In addition, the implementation of both semantic rules( Jena rules) and rules encoded in Java for distinct contexts show the necessity to define mechanisms to represent different types of rules in a standard manner, associated to the semantic models. Finally, we assessed a mechanism suggested by Weber et al.( 2009) to generate questions from semantic models to support eGovernment procedure. We adapted this mechanism to data collection from public administrations by transforming ontology components into questions( Foulonneau et al., 2012). In this paper, we have presented an overview of innovative services to overcome the challenge of cross border services in Europe. In this case study, a set of ontologies and semantic mechanisms allow interacting with users and administrative agents through the generation of a dynamic questionnaire. The Equivalence engine( MADOQS) suggests new equivalences and assist the agent to manage them. This type of mechanism was implemented for the collection of data from administrative agents as well as from the applicants to verify the data they have recorded. SPOCS resources are being posted to the JoinUp portal 13.
Thus, the SPOCS project has set up an infrastructure to support the transfer of documents across European administrations in the scope of the eService directive implementation. It has been instrumental to propose a semantic layer on top of administrative procedures in Europe. While these may evolve, the implementation of a European initiative to create reusable core vocabularies is suggesting new ways of setting up eGovernment applications, based on semantic models and semantic technologies( SEMIC / JoinUp). The future eSens project which will consolidate the various European large scale pilots is expected to follow up on the implementation of a semantic layer on top of eGovernment applications in Europe. In particular, the governance issues associated with the creation and maintenance of semantic resources is a core challenge for the future eGovernment systems.
Acknowledgements
This work was carried out with the support of the European Commission ICT Policy Support Programme under the Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme( CIP), in the scope of the SPOCS project.
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